External Resource

Jar testing, commonly used to calculate the amount of coagulant needed for suspended particles to settle in water, has its drawbacks. Incorporating zeta potential provides numerous advantages. There are two bench-test methods that use zeta potential measurements; different situations determine the suitability of each method. Measuring zeta potential has advanced as an effective testing method with expanded applications.

A discussion of floc particles analysis and the applying results to plant operations to help optimize and control the treatment process of surface water plants. Demonstrated that bench-scale floc particle diameter analysis predicts granular media filtration particle removal on pilot-scale. Pilot- and full-scale studies were conducted.